Combination tool



May 26, 1925. 7 1,539,422

J. E. LUNDVQUIST v COMBINATION TOOL Filed Jan. 14, 1921 2 Sheets-Sheet 11,539,422 Q J. E. LUNDQUIST- I COMBINATION TOOL- Filed Jan. 14, 1921munlll jzdeizfoz (257m. fizz/wag? 2 Sheets-$heet 2 Fatented May 26,1925.

UNITED. STATES.

JOHN E. nuunours'r, orcrrrcneo, rumors.

COMBINATION" TOOL.

Application filed January 14, 1921. Serial No. 437,188.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JOHN E. LUND UIs'r, a citizenof the United States,residing at Chicago, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, haveinvented certain new and useful Improvements in Combination Tools, ofwhichthe following is a specification.

The invention relates to combination tools, and more particularly tohand instruments having special utility in measuring, ing andlaying outWork in the mechanical crafts.

The invention consists of a novel con= struction and combination ofparts so ranged and inscribed as to be useful to machinists, draftsmen,and all metal and wood workers.

Its object is to provide a light, compact instrument, capable of beingreadily adjusted and conveniently carried, which comprises a minimumnumber of integral parts adapted to a large variety of uses, and whichis of simple construction so that it may be cheaply manufactured.

In the drawings, Figure 1 is a view of one side of the device with itsarms partially open. Figure 2 is a view of the reverseside with the armsin a different partially open position. Figure 3 represents theinstrument with its arms extended. Figure 4; is a side view in extendedposition.

The device comprises dividers, outside calipers, inside calipers, centergauge, screw cutting tool gauge, stationary left hand square, stationaryright hand square, combination angle square, protractor, wire gauge,hook rule, 8 rule graduated in thirty-seconds of an inch reading to leftand to right, rule graduated in sixty-fourths of an inch, rule graduatedin hundredths of an inch, metric rule, scale for screw threads, andinscribed tables of useful purpose. V

The device is constructed with two main parts, designated in thedrawings as 1 and 2, pivotally joined by the pivot bolt 3. Each of theparts 1 and 2 is formed of flat material, preferably sheet metal, with asemi-circular center portion 4 from which extends a plurality ofintegral projections shaped suitably to the several functions of thetool. Thus, elongated radial blades 10 and 12 terminate in pointed ends14 and 16 forming a pair of dividers. Oppositely from said blades of thedividers the radial guaglegs 18 and 20 are extended having oppositelycurved ends In the position. represented in Fig. 1 thelegs 13 and 20formoutside calipers, while in theposition illustrated in Fig. 2 theyform inside calipers, the change being accomplished merely by swingingthe parts 1 and 2 from the, position shown in Fig. 1 together andv thenapart again but 7 into. reverse angular relation. Protractor scales. 22and 26 are provided by inscription on the center portion 4 of part 2'(Fig. 2)- which scales are appropriatelyv divided for use in calipering.The scale 22 is read in connection with an indicator point 2 1 formed onthe center portion 4: of part 1 when calipering inside dimensions, andthe scale 26 is used in connection with a point 28 when caliper-mgoutside surfaces.

A lateral projection 30 is formed-on part 2, and has its endnotched at32 to form a standard angle center gauge suitable to, gauge the grindingoflathe centers. Along; itsv edges on both faces of the projection 30are inscribed scales 34, 3 1 3 1? and 34 for measuring the numberofscrew-threads to an inch. Oppositely disposed on part 1- is aprojection 36 having the edges of its pointed end forming the same angleas formed by the notch 32, thus serving as a gauge for the counter borein work to be centered in a lathe. The projection 36 may also be 'usedas a depth gauge'as the extent to which its pointed end maybe entered ina counterbore, for example, will obviously give an indication of thedepth of the latter, The notches 38 form standard angles convenient forgauging the grinding of screw cutting tools. Any useful table ofmechan-. ical data may beinscribed on the faces of the projection 36, inthe present case a table of tap drill sizes is indicated at 10 (Fig. 1).

The outer edges of the projections 30 and 36'for1n right angles at 42and 44 with the intersecting edges of the blades 12 and 10 respectively.With respect to the scales inscribed on the blades, there are thusprovided a left hand square and a right hand square. relationillustrated in Fig. 1, it will be observed that the inner edges of theblades 10 and 12 intersect, and that by swinging the blades on theircommon pivot any desired angular relation between them may be obtained.The blades may be secured in 1th the parts 1 and 2 in the of part 1, bywhich the degrees of angular separation of the blades and 12 maybe readas indicated at the point 48 which 1s formed on part 2 and passes overthe are as the blades are moved on their pivot. By

this means the instrument is adapted to be used as a protractor. V

The curved edges of the center portions 4 of the main parts are providedwith openings 50, which form a metal and wire gauge.

On the adjoining surface on the center portion of one of the parts isinscribed a table of wire sizes, 51 (Fig. 2).

A hook 52 is mounted on the blade 12 by means of a pivot stud 54, andmay be swung into or out of operative position about its pivot. Asillustrated in Fig. 1 and Fig. 3, the projecting hook and the blade 12form a convenient hook rule. Preferably a slight projection 52 isprovided on the part 2 to form a stop to resist the swinging movement ofthe hook. This projection is so located that it serves to hold the hookeither in its operative or inoperative position. The hook,

' it will be seen, is mounted so that its free end may be engaged by thefingers to spring the same over the projection 52. Thus the hook is heldyieldingly by the projection against pivotal movement.

It is apparent that the faces of the instrument, particularly of theblades 10 and 12 maybe inscribed with any desired graduated scales andtables the present embodiment' the'blade lOis inscribed on one surfaceto form on one edge a rule 56 graduated to sixty-fourths of an inch andon the opposite edge a rule 58 graduated to onehundredths of an inch.Both edges of one surface of blade 12 are inscribed for use as "metricrules 60 and 61;

' the opposite surfaces of the blades 10 and 12, and along thecontinuous straight edges of the central portions, the scales 62,graduated to thirty-seconds of an inch, are

- inscribed. By swinging the two blades into position oppositely fromtheir pivot, with their outer edges forming a straight line (Fig. 3),the scales 62 form a continuous 8 inch rule, and are inscribed to beread to the right. or left.

.Itis apparent from the description that the invention provides a greatvariety of useful tools combined in one simple implement convenient touse and carry, and that 7 tion with considerable particularity, it willbe understood that I do not intend to be limited in the interpretationof the appended claims to the construction and'arrangement set forth,except as may be necessitated by the state of the prior art. I

I claim as my invention:

1. A combination tool having, in combi'- nation, two fiat body membersdisposed in overlapping relation, a-stud connecting said members forrelative pivotal'movement, a; blade element on eachof said membersextending radially from said stud and having a curved outer end, saidblade elements hav ing their curved ends disposed either toward or awayfrom each other according to selected positions of said members, therebein two arcuate scales arranged on one of sai members concentric withsaid stud, and two indicatorpoints on the other member, one

registering with one of said scales when said curved ends are disposedtoward, each otherforming a continuous straight edge when said elementsare rotated into alinement,

there being a graduated scale along op'po-v site longitudinal edgesofsaid elements, the scales on one longitudinal edge of each of saidelements being adapted to read continuously along said straight edge.

In testimony whereof, I have hereunto set 1'05 my hand. i

JOHN E. LUNDQUIST.

